不同化控剂对春玉米根系伤流液特性的影响及其激素调控机制

以东农253为试验材料,在玉米6叶期喷施吨田宝(DTB)、DCPTA和ETH复配剂(KP)两种化控剂,对照为清水。结果表明,DTB和KP均可提高春玉米根系伤流量,特别是生育后期的流量,分别比对照提高了72.34%和129.78%;提高了伤流液中矿质元素的流量,氨基酸的总流量也得到相应的提高,特别是丝氨酸的流量。内源激素IAA、CTK和ABA流量在各时期均有增加;GA流量在乳熟期得到显著提高,拔节期、抽雄吐丝期和灌浆初期均低于对照,之后得到显著提高。对内源激素比值均有不同程度的影响,改变了激素间的平衡水平;提高了行粒数和百粒重,产量分别比对照提高了13.89%和21.06%。相关性分析表明,玉米根系伤流量及其组分与产量密切相关,表明化控剂具有调控根系伤流量、矿质元素和内源激素流量的作用,对促进地上部生长发育和产量的形成有重要作用。

Effects of Mixed Compound of DCPTA and ETH on Root Bleeding Sap Performance of Spring Maize and Hormone Regulation Mechanism

Two kinds of chemical regulators(DTB and KP) were sprayed on Dongnong253 at the 6-leaf stage, and the control was water. The results showed that the total volume of roots bleeding sap, especially in the later growth stages, and the mineral nutrients and amino acid especially Ser in the root bleeding sap were increased by the treatment of Duntianbao and KP. Under the treatment of Duntianbao and KP, the total volume of roots bleeding sap in the later growth stages was 72.34% and 129.78% higher than that of the control. The content of IAA, CTK and ABA were also promoted in every stage. Whereas the content of GA was significantly improved at the milk stage, and lower than that of control at jointing, anthesis silking and filling stages, which was significantly increased later. Chemical regulators had different effects on the ratio of endogenous hormones and change the balance of hormones. In addition, the use of chemical regulators increased the grain number per row and 100-grain weight, and finally improved the yield. Compared with the control, the actual yield increased by 13.89% and 21.06%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that, the root bleeding sap and its components were closely related to the yield, indicating that chemical regulators had effects of regulating root bleeding sap, mineral elements and endogenous hormones, which playing an important role in promoting the growth and development of shoots.