不同耕层构造对土壤硬度和含水量的影响

在吉林省中部黑土区通过构造不同类型耕层，探讨不同耕层构造对土壤硬度和含水量的影响。结果表明，各处理土壤硬度0～20 cm波动较大，21～45 cm趋于平缓。各处理平均值比较，垄作苗紧行紧土壤最紧实，其次是平作苗紧行紧和传统耕作方式（P<0.05）。土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势，0～30 cm呈增加趋势变化，31～60 cm呈降低趋势。苗紧行松处理含水量在土壤各深度均高于传统耕法，处理间差异达到显著水平（P<0.05）。苗紧行松耕作有效降低土壤硬度，提高土壤含水量，土壤结构改善，耕层土壤水气协调。

Effects of Different Tillage Layer Structures on Soil Compaction and Soil Water Content

The experiments were designed in the middle black soil zone of Jilin province. The results showed that the difference of soil compaction of different treats were significant from 0 to 20 cm in profile of soil. The difference of treatments was not significant from 21 cm to 45 cm. Through comparison of different treatments with the average of soil compaction from 0 to 45 cm, soil compaction of MJHJ with ridge was most hardness, MJHJ with plain and conventional tillage were secondary. Soil water content was increased with depth from 0 to 30 cm, but it was decreased with depth from 31 cm to 60 cm. The soil water content of MJHS was higher than conventional tillage at every depth of soil layer from 0 to 60 cm, the difference was significant(P<0.05). So, MJHS tillage could decrease soil compaction, increase soil water content, improve soil structure, moderate water and air in the soil.