我国玉米生态效率的时空差异与影响因素

基于碳汇和产值双重视角，采用SBM-DEA模型测算我国玉米生态效率，通过核密度估计分析其时空特征，同时对其影响因素进行分析。结果表明，我国玉米生态效率总体水平不高且随时间大致呈“降—升—降”后趋于平缓的变化趋势，区域差异明显但差异程度逐年降低。政府政策、受教育水平和环境规制等影响因素有利于生态效率的提高，收入水平、农业生产性服务水平等对生态效率具有负向影响。各地区应基于自身资源禀赋结合影响因素采取差异化措施，同时强化区域间交流协作，进一步提升玉米生态效率以推进玉米低碳高产高效发展。

Temporal and Spatial Differences and Influencing Factors of Maize Ecological Efficiency in China

Based on the dual perspective of carbon sink and output value, the SBM-DEA model was used to estimate the ecological efficiency of maize in China, and kernel density estimation was used to analyze its temporal and spatial characteristics. Meanwhile, the influencing factors were also analyzed. The results showed that the overall level of maize eco-efficiency in China was not high and showed a trend of "down-up-down" with time, and then tended to be gentle. The regional differences were obvious, but the difference degree was decreasing year by year. Government policy, education level and environmental regulation are conducive to the improvement of ecological efficiency, while income level and agricultural productive service level have a negative impact on ecological efficiency. Therefore, different regions should take differentiated measures based on their own resource endowment and influencing factors, and strengthen inter-regional communication and cooperation to further improve maize ecological efficiency to promote low carbon, high yield and high efficiency development of maize.