不同颜色糯玉米子粒中花色苷组分及抗氧化活性研究

以5种颜色糯玉米子粒为材料，测定其总花色苷含量、6种花色苷组分含量和色度以及总抗氧化能力。结果表明，深紫灰色、深红色和灰紫色糯玉米子粒中天竺葵色素含量均显著高于淡黄色和淡黄绿色糯玉米子粒中天竺葵色素含量，糯玉米颜色红绿度（a^*值）与天竺葵色素和矮牵牛色素含量呈极显著正相关。深紫灰色糯玉米子粒中矢车菊色素含量显著高于其他4种颜色糯玉米子粒矢车菊色素含量，糯玉米子粒总抗氧化能力与总花色苷含量、矢车菊色素含量、天竺葵色素含量呈极显著正相关。结果表明，可通过提高糯玉米子粒矢车菊色素和天竺葵色素含量，选育高抗氧化能力的深紫灰色糯玉米品种。

Study on Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Activities of Waxy Maize Kernels with Different Colors

Waxy maize kernels with 5 colors were used for the measurement of the total anthocyanidin content, 6 anthocyanidin component contents, chromatic values, and total antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the contents of pelargonidin in the dark purplish grey, dark red, and greyish purple waxy maize kernels were significantly higher than that in the pale yellow and pale greenish yellow waxy maize kernels. The a^* value was significantly positively correlated with the contents of pelargonidin and petunidin. The cyanidin content in the dark purplish grey waxy maize kernels was significantly higher than that of the waxy maize kernels with the other four colors. The dark purplish grey waxy maize kernels have the strongest total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, total antioxidant capacity of waxy maize kernels was significantly positively correlated with the content of total anthocyanidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin. Therefore, dark purplish grey waxy maize varieties with strong antioxidant capacity could be bred by increasing the contents of cyanidin, and pelargonidin in waxy maize kernel.