氮硅配施对夏玉米抗倒性和产量的影响

试验采用N、Si(3×2)完全均衡方案和田间裂区设计,氮肥设120 kg/hm2(N1)、180 kg/hm2(N2)、240 kg/hm2(N3)3个水平,硅(SiO2)设0、75 kg/hm2两个水平,研究氮硅配施对夏玉米抗倒性和产量的影响。结果表明,施氮量为120~240 kg/hm2,玉米平均株高、茎粗、茎皮厚、室内横折强度、田间抗拉弯强度、穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、百粒重、理论产量和实际产量均随施氮量的增加而提高,不同施氮水平间上述各指标均达极显著差异(P<0.01)。氮硅配施对玉米茎粗、茎皮厚、室内横折强度和田间抗拉弯强度影响的交互效应达显著水平(P<0.05),N1、N2水平下,施硅与不施硅处理相比茎粗、茎皮厚、室内横折强度、田间抗拉弯强度差异达显著水平;N3水平下,除室内横折强度达显著水平外,其他各指标差异均不显著。氮硅配施对玉米穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、百粒重、理论产量和实际产量影响的交互效应亦达显著或极显著水平,N1、N2水平下,施硅与不施硅处理相比穗长、穗粒数、理论产量、实际产量差异达显著水平;N3水平下,各指标差异不显著。

Effect of Nitrogen Application Combined with Silicon on the Lodging-resistance and the Yield of Summer Corn

Field experiment was conducted under three nitrogen levels of 120 kg/ha(N₁), 180 kg/ha(N₂) and 240 kg/ha(N₃), two silicon(SiO₂) levels of 0 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha and with split- plot design to investigate the effect of nitrogen application combined with silicon on lodging-resistance and yield of summer corn. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate from 120 to 240 kg/ha, the plant height, stem diameter, bark thickness, cross-breaking strength and tensile strength, spike length, spike diameter, kernel number, 100-grain weight, theoretic yield and actual yield increased significantly(P<0.01). The interactive effects of nitrogen and silicon on the stem diameter, bark thickness, cross-breaking strength and tensile strength were significant(P<0.05), the indexes above show significant difference(P<0.05) between +Si and -Si treat under N₁ and N₂ levels but not under N₃. The interactive effects of nitrogen and silicon on the spike length, spike diameter, kernel number, 100-grain weight, theoretic yield and actual yield were also notable(P<0.05 or P<0.01), the indexes above show significant difference(P<0.05) between +Si and -Si treat under N₁ and N₂ levels but not under N₃.