玉米C型胞质雄性不育系C联848败育的生理机制初探

以玉米C型雄性不育系C联848及其保持系H19为研究对象,对两者叶片中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶的活性,丙二醛含量进行研究比较。结果表明,C联848的花药都不外露,形状瘦小萎缩,饱满度较差,剥开花药未发现花粉粒存在,通过碘染镜检未发现可育花粉粒,不育系C联848经多年多季种植,在不同世代,未发现有可育植株存在。在生长发育的各个时期不育系叶片中超氧化物酶(SOD)活性都低于保持系。从苗期至拔节期,不育系与保持系叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)活性都略有上升,差异并不显著;当玉米由营养生长转入生殖生长,不育系叶片中的POD活性迅速上升,且与保持系差异显著,并且不育系叶片中的POD活性始终都高于保持系;在玉米转入生殖生长后,不育系叶片中的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增长缓慢,远低于保持系中CAT的活性,且在吐丝期两者差异最为显著。玉米生长发育的各个时期,不育系叶片中的丙二醛(MDA)含量均高于保持系,在抽雄期差异最为显著。

Basic Study of Heavy Ion Radiation Mutagenic Maize Type C Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Line C-848 on Physiological Mechanism

The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT) and malonaldehyde(MDA) content in leaves of C-type male sterile line C-848 and its maintainer H19 were studied. The results showed that C-848 line displayed unexposed anthers with thin and shrunken shape. Neither fertile pollen grains were found in peeling anthers nor by iodine microscopic examination. During years of multi-seasonal planting, no fertile plants were found in any generations of C-848. The activity of SOD in the leaves of the CMS line was lower than that of maintainer line at all growth stages. From the seedling stage to the jointing stage, the activity of POD in leaves of both CMS line and maintainer line increased slightly, but showed no significant difference. When transferred form vegetative growth to reproductive growth, the POD activity in leaves of CMS line increased rapidly, and showed significant difference compared to maintainer line. And POD activity in leaves of CMS line was always higher than that of maintainer line. The CAT activity in leaves of CMS line increased slowly after turning into reproductive growth. It is much lower than that of CAT in maintainer lines, and displayed significant difference during silking stage. The MDA content in leaves of CMS line was higher than of maintainer lines during all stages. And the most significant difference was found at the tasseling stage.