外源ABA处理对离体玉米子粒灌浆特性的影响

以郑单958和登海605为试验材料,采用离体培养的方法,研究玉米子粒发育早期和中期不同浓度脱落酸(ABA)处理对玉米子粒灌浆特性的影响。运用Logistic模型解析不同浓度ABA处理后子粒灌浆过程与品种差异,分析灌浆速率、灌浆时间等子粒灌浆参数及其与粒重的相关性。结果表明,早期ABA处理降低了最大和平均灌浆速率,中期低浓度处理提高灌浆速率而高浓度降低灌浆速率。相关分析显示,同一品种的粒重与灌浆渐增期、快增期、缓增期平均速率及各时期粒重增量呈极显著正相关,郑单958和登海605的粒重差异由灌浆速率和灌浆时间决定。ABA早期和中期处理,均提前最大灌浆速率到达时间并缩短有效灌浆期,相同浓度ABA中期处理的效果较早期明显。选择适宜品种,灌浆中期或者后期适当浓度ABA处理,能增加灌浆速率和粒重并缩短有效灌浆期,有利于提高玉米产量。

Effects of ABA Application on Maize Grain-filling Properties in Vitro Culture

In order to investigate the effects of exogenous ABA on grain-filling properties of maize. Maize hybrids(Zhengdan958, Denghai605) were carried with different concentrations of ABA in vitro culture at the early and middle post-pollination stages. The Logistic equation was used to analyze the grain filling process and the variety difference, the grain-filling parameters of the grain-filling rate and duration and their relation to grain weight were calculated. The results showed that the maximum and mean grain-filling rate were decreased with all ABA treatments at the early post-pollination stage, and reduced with high ABA concentration while increased with low concentration at the middle stage. Furthermore, the grain weight of the same hybrid was significantly positively correlated with the mean grain-filling rate and the increased grain weight of early, middle and late stages, and the grain weight of different maize hybrids Zhengdan958 and Denghai605 was determined by grain-filling rate and duration. ABA promoted the time reaching the maximum grain-filling rate and shortened the effective grain-filling time at the two stages, an obvious effect at the middle post-pollination stage. It is an important way to keep a high or stable yield by selecting the suitable cultivar, improving grain-filling rate and weight and shorten effective grain-filling time with appropriate ABA concentration at the middle or later grain-filling stage.