深松与施氮方式对春玉米子粒灌浆及产量和品质的影响

在等氮量条件下研究深松与施氮方式对玉米子粒灌浆特性及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,深松使玉米灌浆后期百粒重增加,隔行深松(T1)对灌浆后期百粒重的增加作用大于行行深松(T2);追氮处理最大灌浆速率(Gmax)、平均灌浆速率(G)、灌浆后期百粒重与灌浆活跃生长期(P)均大于一次性基施氮肥处理,且随追氮次数的增加灌浆后期百粒重增加;深松使Gmax增加,最大灌浆速率出现的天数(Tmax)提前,对灌浆速率的增加作用T1处理大于T2处理;各施氮处理对灌浆速率的影响表现为拔节期、灌浆期分别追施氮肥>拔节期追施氮肥>一次性基施氮肥。追氮对子粒灌浆的促进作用大于深松措施。灌浆后期百粒重与产量极显著正相关。G和Gmax与灌浆后期百粒重的相关系数较大,其他灌浆参数相关性较小。子粒蛋白质含量与产量呈极显著正相关;淀粉含量与产量呈显著负相关;油分含量与产量间的相关性较小。

Effects of Deep Loosening and Nitrogen Application Methods on Grain Filling, Yield and Quality of Spring Maize

The equal nitrogen was used to study the effect of deep loosening and nitrogen application methods on grain filling and qualities of maize. The result showed that 100-grain weight was increased in the late grain filling stage in deep loosening condition, and the increase of interleave row deep loosening(T1) was greater than each row deep loosening(T2) effect. The maximum grouting rate(G_max), averagegrouting rate(G), 100-grain weight and grouting active growth days(P) in topdressing nitrogen treatment was bigger than in non-topdressing nitrogen treatment. And with the increase in times of topdressing, the 100-grain weight was increased in the late grain filling stage. Deep loosening treatment with the higher G_max and the T_max emerged earlier than in non-deep loosening treatment. The effect of increasing grain-filling rate in T1 was bigger than in T2. Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was played a bigger role in promoting grain grouting than that in deep loosening treatment. The correlative coefficient of 100-grain weight in the late grain filling stage to yield is the most. The correlative coefficient of G and G_max to 100-grain weight in the late grain filling stage is the most. But the correlative coefficient of other grain filling parameters to 100-grain weight in the late grain filling stage was the least. There was significantly positive correlation between protein content in grain and yield, and negative correlation between starch content in grain and yield.