玉米保护性耕作栽培技术研究

保护性耕作是防止田间扬沙、减轻水土流失的有效耕作方式之一。本试验对保护性耕作条件下玉米不同种植密度、播期及品种进行了研究。通过对产量和其他性状比较,随着种植密度增加产量呈增加趋势,但增幅逐渐减小。密度增加使秃尖长增加、倒伏率升高、百粒重降低、茎粗变细;播期过早过晚对产量、百粒重、穗长均呈降低趋势,且秃尖明显增长。内蒙东部农牧交错区推广玉米保护性耕作技术,应选用生育期短于130d的高产型品种、密度为6万～6.5万株/hm2、在4月25日前后播种为宜。试验结果为在该地区推广保护性耕作下作物高效栽培提供理论依据。

Study on Maize Planting Technology of Conservation Tillage

Conservation tillage is one of the efficiency tillage forms,which could prevent raising-sand in fields and lighten soil and water loss.the density,sowing time and varieties under conservation tillage treatment was studied in this experiment.The results showed that as plant density increase,maize yield has increasing tendency,but the amplitude was decreased,the lodge rate and bare tip length were increased,the weight of 100-kernel and stem diameter was decreased.The effect of sowing date on maize growth was that neither early nor late sowing date was propitious to gain high yield.In addition,100-kernel weight and ear length were decreased,bare tip length was increased evidently.The proper varieties should have high yield and its growth duration should be shorten in 130 days and the optimum seeding time should be about April 25th in the farming-pasture zone,eastern part of Inner-Mongolia.The density should be about 60,000-65,000 plant/ha.The experiment results could offer theoretic gist about crop high-efficiency cultivation in this area.