辽宁西部地区玉米密植潜力研究

以当地主栽的30个玉米品种为试验材料,设4个密度处理,在辽西地区进行增密试验。结果表明:所试品种的适宜密度比当地生产上的实际密度(37 500株/hm2,对照密度)高出20%～40%,多数品种比对照密度产量增产20%～30%,说明辽西地区玉米生产的密植潜力还很大。有11个品种的最高产量比郑单958和先玉335显著增产或与其相当,其中有8个品种增产幅度为5.9%～17.4%,高产品种的生物产量和经济系数也相对较高。增加密度后,株高对密度的响应因品种而异,在密度增加到45 000株/hm2或52 500株/hm2时株高明显增加,继续增加密度时株高不再增加的品种增产幅度大;株高随着密度增加而持续上升的品种增产的幅度明显下降;密度增加而株高不变的品种没有表现出较大的增密增产潜力。

Study on Potential Densities of Maize in the West of Liaoning Province

Thirty maize varieties were tested in four planting densities in order to study the potential yield in the west of Liaoning Province. The results indicated that the suitable density of different varieties increased by 20% - 40% compared with practical density, while the crop yield of most varieties increased by 20% - 30% compared with the control(37 500 plants/ha). It proved that there was great planting potential of maize production in the west of Liaoning Province. The highest yield of eleven varieties of maize was significantly higher than or equal to Zhengdan958 and Xianyu335, while the yield-increasing scope of eight varieties were 5.9% - 17.4%. The biological yields and economic coefficients of high-yielding varieties were relatively higher than others. According to responses the density to plant height due to varieties differences after increasing density. When density increased to 45 000 or 52 500 plants/ha, the plant height increased significantly. With continuous density increasing, the varieties that had stable plant height had the highest high-yielding extent. The varieties which height increased along with density, the extent of continuous yield-increasing declined significantly. Varieties with density increasing and constant plant height did not perform greater density and yield-increasing potential.