不同耕作方式对松嫩平原半干旱区玉米生长和产量的影响

耕作方式影响玉米的生长和产量。设置旋耕垄作（RT）、旋耕垄作深松（RTS）、免耕（NT）、免耕深松（NTS）、旋耕平作（FT）、旋耕平作深松（FTS）6个处理，分析不同耕作方式对玉米苗期根系生长、干物质积累、净光合速率和产量构成，研究不同耕作方式对半干旱区玉米生长和产量的影响。结果表明，免耕处理显著降低了玉米苗期根系的鲜重、干重和体积。旋耕垄作、旋耕平作和免耕结合深松处理干物质积累量较未深松处理增加 3.17%～15.08%，旋耕平作结合深松处理提高了玉米有效穗数、玉米净光合速率，进一步提高玉米产量。

Effects of Tillage Methods on Maize Growth and Yield in Semiarid Area of Songnen Plain

Tillage methods affect the growth and yield of maize. To exploring the effects of different tillage methods on maize the growth and yield in semi-arid areas, six treatments were set up, namely no-tillage(NT), notillage and subsoiling(NTS), rotary and ridge tillage(RT), rotary and ridge tillage and subsoiling(RTS), rotary and flatten tillage(FT), and rotary and flatten tillage and subsoiling(FTS). The effects of different tillage methods on root growth at seedling stage, dry matter accumulation, net photosynthetic rate and yield composition of maize were analyzed. The results showed that no-tillage significantly reduced the fresh weight, dry weight, and volume of maize root at seedling stage. The dry matter accumulation of rotary and ridge tillage, rotary and flatten tillage and no-tillage and subsoiling increased 3.17%-15.08% compared with that of no-subtillage treatments, and the effective ear number and net photosynthetic rate of maize were increased by rotary and flatten tillage and subsoiling, thus further improving maize yield.