东北三省大豆种质品质性状鉴评与综合分析

根据目标性状有的放矢的选配杂交亲本是提高优异品质组成品种的选择效率的基本前提。本研究对东北三省102份大豆种质资源的蛋白、氨基酸组分、油份及脂肪酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析,对其进行表型鉴定及基因型分类以综合评价种质品质特性。结果表明:东北三省大豆种质油份及脂肪酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据主成分分析筛选到9个主成分进行聚类分析,通过聚类分析将供试种质资源分为5类。第I类群蛋白含量较高、油份含量偏低,第II类群蛋白、油份含量均居中,第III类群油份含量较高、蛋白含量偏低,第IV类群高油,第V类群高蛋白,类群间的氨基酸、脂肪酸组分各有差异。需根据育种目标在群体间选配亲本,以提高品质育种的效率。

Quality Traits Identification and Integrated Analysis of Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning Soybeans

Selecting hybrid parents according to the target traits is the premise of improving selection efficiency of soybean cultivars with excellent chemical compositions.The content of protein,16 amino acids,oil and 5 fatty acids were measured in 102 soybean germplasms of Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning.Phenotypes and genotypes were identified and classified by genetic diversity,principle components and cluster analysis.The results showed that there were higher genetic variation and diversity for the content of protein,16 amino acids,oil and 5 fatty acids in 102 soybean collections.According to the principle components analysis,nine principle components were screened.Cluster analysis was executed with 9 principle components and 102 germplasm resources were divided into 5 genetic groups by clustering analysis.Group I were higher protein content and lower oil content cluster,Group Ⅱ were medium protein and oil content cluster,Group Ⅲ were higher oil content and lower protein content cluster,Group Ⅳ were the highest oil content cluster,and Group Ⅴ were the highest protein content cluster.The amino acids and fatty acids compositions had differences among 5 groups.According to the breeding target,selecting parents from groups would improve the efficiency of breeding in high quality cultivars.