大豆花叶病毒遗传的三体标记

从大豆花叶病毒的形态抗性遗传标记、分子生物学特点、生化遗传、分子标记四个方面阐述了大豆研究所在大豆花叶病毒病方面所做的研究工作,以病毒病侵染大豆品种后的蛋白亚基变化、防卫系统细胞保护酶-过氧化物酶、苹果酸脱氢酶同工酶的酶蛋白分子表达特征,大豆叶肉细胞膜保护酶(超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶等)体系的变化特证;大豆细胞膜质过氧化有毒代谢产物的积累和变化,以及SMV蛋白酶的分析结果,阐明了大豆病毒病的分子生物学特点;通过杂交和回交后代表型遗传特征鉴定和分析,证实大豆花叶病毒SMV的成株抗性的遗传基因表达特点,并利用过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶标记不同抗性品种和杂种后代的抗性遗传,发现大豆病毒的生化遗传标记特征与成株抗性的表型特征相一致,可利用同工酶表达的遗传特征,筛选抗病毒杂交后代的一种技术.同时利用PCR技术,对杂种后代的F1、F2代群体的抗性和遗传进行分析,证明大豆对SMV1号株系的抗性是由一对显性基因控制的,通过RAPD技术研究证实,其显性RAPD标记是OPN1400/1300与黑农39的抗病基因的遗传距离为8.2cm,它为抗大豆花叶病遗传育种提供依据.

THREE TYPES OF GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE TO SOYBEAN SMV

The paper summarized that Soybean Research Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences had done some research on SMV from the aspects of morphology genetic marker, molecular biology characters, biochemical genetic and molecular genetic marker of SMV. It illustrated the molecular biology characters of SMV through analyzing the change of soybean protein ethyl of soybean cultivars inoculated with SMV1, the molecule expression characters of protective enzyme of defense system cell-peroxidase, malic dehydrogenase isoenzyme, the changeable characters of soybean protective enzymes system to mesophyll cells membrane, the deposition and change of soybean memeberanous peroxidatic toxiferous metabolite, and the results analyzing to SMV protein enzyme. Through appraising and analyzing inheritance phenotype of hybridization and phenotype of backcross mating, it testified that the genetic expressional characters of SMV adult plant resistance. It used peroxidase and malic dehydrogenase isoenzyme in labeling resistance inheritance character of different resistant cultivars and their hybridization progenies and found that SMV biochemical genetic markers were in concordance with phenotype characters of adult plant resistance, and used isoenzyme expressional characters to filtrate the progenies resisting to virus. Using PCR to analyze the F1, F2 group resistance and resistance inheritance, it testified that the resistance to SMV was decided by a couple of hypomorph. Through applying RAPD, it testified that the dominant RAPD labeling is OPN1400/1300 and Heinong 39 resistant gene is 8.2cm, it will provide reference for this research in the future.