橘小实蝇生物学特点及控制方法

对橘小实蝇在不同寄主上的虫口数量、性比以及不同温湿度条件下蛹期、蛹存活时间、羽化时间、羽化率和成虫寿命等生物学特性作初步研究,同时对橘小实蝇常用诱捕器的设置技巧及常用防治药剂进行筛选。结果表明橘小实蝇在芒果上虫口密度最大,在主要寄主上雌虫数量高于雄虫。在相对湿度控制在83%～86%的条件下,温度为15℃时,蛹期最长30.9 d。蛹在8℃条件下保存时间越短,羽化率越高。成虫羽化高峰时间为12∶00～14∶00时。橘小实蝇在温度恒定为25℃的条件下,相对湿度为83%～86%时,羽化率最高,为89.3%;在湿度恒定为83%～86%的条件下,温度为20℃时的羽化率最高,达到94.1%。在定湿的条件下,温度为25℃时,成虫寿命最长。通过诱捕器和药剂筛选试验可知诱捕器1号、3号和4号对小实蝇有较好的诱捕效果,诱捕器设置间距为20 m、树冠中部、诱剂量2 ml时,诱蝇效果最好。阿维菌素、丁硫克百威、敌百虫,杀虫单、吡虫啉和毒死蜱等有较好的杀蝇效果。

Biological characteristics and control method of Bactrocera dorsalis （Hendel）

This paper gave an elementary introduction to biological features of Bactrocera dorsalis （Hendel）, including its number and sex ratio in the different host, pupal stage, pupaes survive time, emergence rates and adult lifetime etc. under the different temperature and humidity. The set skill of the trap and the familiar pesticides were studied. The results showed that the maggot density in mango is maximal, the female number are more than the male in dominating host. At of the conditions of relative humidity of 83% - 86% and temperature of 15℃, the pupal stage was the longest, up to 30.9 d. On the condition of 8℃ in laboratory, the shorter pupal storage time was ,the higher emergence ratio was. The peak time of adult emergence was during 12：00-14：00 pm. On the condition of temperature 20℃ in laboratory, the highest emergence rate was 89.3% when the relative humidity reaches 83% - 86%. Under the humidity of 83-86% in laboratory, the highest emergence rate was 94.1% when the temperature is 25℃ . If the humidity is fixed, adult lifetime is the longest t on the condition of 25℃ in laboratory. According to the screening tests of traps and pesticides, control effects of trap 1, trap 3 and trap 4 are better than trap 2. When the trap with 2ml induced dosage was set between the trees of moderate crown with interval of 20 m, control effect of Bactrocera dorsalis （Hendel） is the best. The control effects of abamectin, carbosulfan, trichlorphon, monosuhap, bichonglin and ehlorpyrifos are better.