药物泥浆裹根预防核果类根癌病的效果

植物根癌病是个顽症，目前尚无根治办法。本研究从病害侵染途径入手，选用5种药物，利用定量药物溶液与粘土混合搅拌获得含药物的粘土泥浆（1000g粘土加450ml配好的药液），使药物泥浆充分包裹苗木根系，构成伤口保护层，预防苗木感染根癌病。经过近2年的观察，经壳寡糖柠檬酸盐愈伤剂100倍、200倍，碧康原液200倍和福美双400倍处理过的毛桃苗木经菌种灌根接种后均未见发病植株，而不用泥浆裹根的毛桃对照菌种接种后的发病率为57％、不含药物泥浆裹根对照接种土壤杆菌的发病率为12％。砧木RT—01的处理中，除壳寡糖柠檬酸盐愈伤剂200倍和福美双400倍处理的出现少量发病、发病率分别为2％和5％外，其他所有药物处理的菌种灌根接种后均未见发病植株。同期不用泥浆裹根的砧木菌种接种后的发病率为42％、不含药物泥浆裹根对照发病率为17％。苗木经药物处理后，基径生长情况与感病对照相比有显著差异，不同药物、不同浓度处理的苗木间差异不显著，但碧康处理对幼苗会产生药害；各处理对砧木的影响与毛桃的类似。本结果说明，在核果类果树幼苗移栽时，采用药物泥浆裹根技术能较好地预防苗木感染根癌病的可能。

Prevention of Crown Gall on Stone Fruit Tree Roots by Slurry Mixed with Chemicals

In this study, 3 chemicals and clay were selected to make slurry.The effect of prevention of crown gall of one-year-old Prunus davidiarta was tested by means of dipping roots into slurry mixed with 3 chemicals in various dilutions （1000g clay ＋ 450ml chemical dilutions）, respectively. Three years after transplanted, no tree infected of crown gall was found treated by Chitosan Citric Acid Salt 100 and 200 times dilution slurry, Bikang 200 time and Thiram 400 time dilution slurry, respectively. 37% and 12% of crown gall disease rate was found in two control groups. Overall crown gall disease rate was 2% and 5% was found in rootstock treat- ed by Chitosan Citric Acid Salt 100 and Thiram 400 time dilution slurry; disease rate in control was 47% and 17%, respectively. Girth growth was significantly different between treatments and controls, while the girth growth did not differ significantly among most treatments which Bikang had harmful effect to inhibit seedling growth. This study reveals that chemical slurry has a positive effect to prevent crown gall of stone fruit tree seedling when transplanted.