不同颜色粘虫板对葡萄园昆虫的诱集效应

为筛选出对葡萄害虫诱集效果好的粘虫板,选用黄色、蓝色、白色、紫色、绿色、红色、黑色和荧光色8种颜色的粘虫板对葡萄园内昆虫进行诱集试验。结果表明,共诱到昆虫7目18科22种,主要害虫有蓟马、蚜虫和叶蝉,其中蓟马数量占到昆虫总量的88.96%,天敌昆虫主要有寄生蜂、捕食性瓢虫、食蚜蝇和东亚小花蝽。紫板、蓝板和白板对蓟马的诱集效果强,黄板、荧光板和绿板次之,红板和黑板效果差;黄板对蚜虫诱集效果强,绿板和荧光板次之,黄板与其他色板之间差异显著;黄板、荧光板和绿板对叶蝉的诱集效果好,3种色板与蓝板之间差异不显著、与其他色板差异显著。白板、蓝板和黄板诱集到的天敌数量最多,占所有颜色粘虫板诱集天敌总量的69%左右。试验期间诱集到的昆虫益害比为0.036,各色板的益害比依次为黑色>荧光色>绿色>红色>黄色>白色>蓝色>紫色,其中紫板的益害比最低,仅为0.011。结合各色板的诱虫效果和益害比进行综合分析,建议选用紫板对蓟马进行诱杀,适时适量选择性使用黄板对蚜虫、叶蝉等进行诱杀。

Trapping effects of sticky traps in different colors on insects in the vineyard

In order to screen the effective sticky trap for pests control in the vineyard,sticky traps in eight selected colors,including yellow,blue,white,purple,green,red,black and fluorescent,were respectively used in the vineyard to trap insects.The results showed that sticky traps attracted 22 insects species belonging to 7 orders,18 families.The main pests were thrips,aphids and leafhoppers,and the number of thrips accounts for 88.96%of the total insects.The natural enemies were parasitic wasps,predatory ladybugs,syrphid flies and Orius sauteri.The trapping effects of the purple,blue and white sticky traps on thrips were relatively stronger,followed by fluorescent and green,while red and black had poor trapping effect;The yellow sticky traps showed stronger trapping effects on the aphids,followed by green and the fluorescent,and the difference between the yellow and other color sticky traps is significant;The yellow,fluorescent and green sticky traps have good trapping effect on leafhoppers.The difference between the three colors and blue is not significant,and it is significantly different from other color sticky traps.The blue and white sticky traps have significant attraction to syrphid flies,and the yellow sticky trap has strong ability to attract parasitic wasps,predatory ladybugs and Orius sauteri.The number of natural enemies attracted by the three color sticky traps accounted for 69%of the total number of natural enemies.The ratio of beneficial insect to pest during the experiment was 0.036,and the ratio of beneficial insect to pest of sticky traps was black>fluorescent>green>red>yellow>white>blue>purple.The ratio of beneficial insect to pest of purple was the lowest,only 0.011.From the effect of trapped insects and the ratio of beneficial insects to pests of sticky traps in eight colors,we suggested that using purple sticky trap to trap thrips,and using yellow sticky trap to trap aphids,leafhoppers at right time or in appropriate.