慈姑的传粉生物学与人工杂交研究

对慈姑（Sagittaria trifolia Linn.var.sinensis）及其野生近缘种野慈姑（Sagittaria trifolia Linn.）的花朵的形态特征、开花、传粉动态进行观测,用杂交指数,去雄、套袋、人工授粉等方法测定其传粉方式。结果显示,野慈姑和慈姑群体的花期从6月持续到10月,雌花的数目比雄花少,但开放速率比雄花快,为典型的异交传粉作物,需要传粉者活动才能完成授粉过程。和野慈姑相比,慈姑植株高大,花序较大,其雌花数,雄花数都较多。对慈姑进行人工杂交可在开花后的6h之内进行。

Study on Pollination Biology and Artificial Pollination of Arrowhead

The morphological specificity of flowers,florescence and pollination dynamics of arrowhead （Sagittaria trifolia Linn. Var. sinensis） and wild arrowhead （Sagittaria trifolia Linn.） were observed. The pollination of them by outcrossing index,emasculation,bagging and artificial pollination were also studied. The results showed that the florescence of colony of arrowhead and wild arrowhead lasted from June to October. Male flowers were more than female flowers,but the speed of florescence of the latter were faster than the former. The breeding system was outcrossing. Compared with wild arrowhead,the plant and inflorescence of arrowhead were bigger,the male flowers and female flowers of which were more. Artifical pollination can be carried out in 6 h after blossoming.