湖北省福寿螺分布调查

对湖北省福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)分布地区进行了调查,并确认福寿螺在湖北省的北缘分布地区为宜昌市夷陵区黄柏河—远安县洋坪镇(凤凰村)—荆州市沙市区八岭山镇(童桥村)—潜江市渔洋镇(排湾村)—孝感市孝南区三汊河镇(龙岗村)—武汉市黄陂区前川街(下石村)—英山县红山镇(东汤河村)一线,纬度30°~31°,其中最北端分布地区为远安县洋坪镇,东经111°34′57.97″,北纬31°11′3.36″。湖北省福寿螺分布地区的立地条件均同时具备一定深度水体(深10 cm以上)和一定深度的淤泥(深10 cm以上),且可能覆盖度较高的水生植被更有利于福寿螺越冬。讨论了福寿螺对环境的适应能力和福寿螺北缘分布地区继续北移扩展的可能性问题。长江上游地区及湖南省福寿螺资源不仅增加湖北省福寿螺为害风险,而且增加湖北省福寿螺的防控压力。

Investigation on Distribution of Pomacea canaliculata in Hubei Province

The distribution areas of Pomacea canaliculata in Hubei province were investigated,and the northern distribution areas in Hubei province were confirmed.The distribution areas from west to east were Huangbai river,Yiling district,Yichang city→Fenghuang village,Yangping town,Yuan'an county(the northernmost distribution area,E 111°34′57.97″,N 31°11′3.36″)→Tongqiao village,Balingshan town,Shashi district,Jingzhou city→Paiwan village,Yuyang town,Qianjiang city→Longgang village,Sanchahe town,Xiaonan district,Xiaogan city→Xiashi village,Qianchuan street,Huangpi district,Wuhan city→Dongtanghe village,Hongshan town,Yingshan county respectively,with the latitude of about 30°~31°N.The site conditions of all the distribution areas in Hubei province included both water of certain depth(deeper than 10cm)and silt of certain depth(deeper than 10cm),and it was probably that aquatic plants with higher coverage rate was more favorable for P.canaliculata to survive the winter.The adaptive capacity to environment and the possibility of further northward expansion of the northern distribution areas were also discussed in the paper.The resource of P.canaliculata in the upper reaches of Yangtze River and Hunan province not only increased the risk of damage,but also the pressure of prevention and control of P.canaliculata in Hubei province.