不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开角度对番茄花粉活力的影响

为了研究不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开角度对花粉活力的影响,采用I2-KI染色法和蔗糖培养基培养法对花瓣张开角度为A(0°~45°)、B(45°~90°)和C(90°~180°)的番茄花粉活力及花粉管长度进行测定。试验结果表明,不同贮藏时间及花瓣张开不同角度间的花粉活力存在显著差异。花瓣张开角度A的花粉活力随着贮藏时间增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,以室温贮藏3 d的花粉染色率最高。花瓣张开角度B和C则以采摘当天活力最强,5 d后所有花粉活力均低于5%,基本丧失萌发能力。新采摘的有活力花粉散落于蔗糖15 g/L+H3BO30.03 g/L+CaCl20.02 g/L+琼脂6 g/L的培养基表面,1~2 min即开始萌动,20 min时,花粉管长度已达到花粉粒直径的2.75倍,60 min时达到7.5倍。花粉管在培养基上相互接触会出现相互作用,抑制部分花粉管生长。

Effects of Different Storage Times and Open Angles of Petals on Pollen Vitality of Tomato

By using I2-KI dyeing method and sucrose medium culture method, we determined the pollen vitality and length of pollen tubes under three different petal open angles, A （0°-45°）, B （45°-90°） and C （90°-180°）. The results showed that there were significant differences on pollen vitality between different storage times and different petal open angles respectively. The pollen vitality of treatment A firstly increased and then decreased as the storage time increased, and the dyeing rate was highest after three days＆#39; storage at room temperature. While the vitalities were strongest on the picking day for treatment B and treatment C, and their pollens could not germinate with the vitalities lower than 5% after five days＆#39; storage. The new-picking dynamic pollens began to germinate after 1-2 min on the culture medium of 15 g/L sucrose＋0.03 g/L H3BO3＋0.02 g/L CaCl2＋6 g/L agar, while the length of pollen tubes were 2.75 times that of pollen grain the diameter after 20 minutes and 7.5 times after 60 minutes. The interaction was observed when pollen tube contacted each other on the culture medium and the growth of pollen tube was restrained partly.