Effects of celecoxib on cardiac myocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction

AIM: To investigate the effects of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on antioxidative capability and apoptosis of cardiac myocytes after myocardial infarction. METHODS: 24 New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups randomly (8 in each group): sham-operated group (sham group), myocardial infarction group (MI group), celecoxib group (Cele group, 10 mg kg^-1·d^-1, qd, with the drugs gastric gavage for six weeks). The NO concentration, total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), the activity of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) in cardiac tissue homogenate, adjacent to the infracted area, were detected. The pathological changes were observed by light microscope and electron microscopy. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in myocytes were observed using immunohistochemistry, and the degree of apoptosis were examined by TUNEL. RESULTS: Cardiac tissue in MI group presented interstitial edema, fibroplastic proliferation, inflammatory cellular infiltration, and vacuolar degeneration in cardiac myocytes. The results of electron microscopy showed that myocytes presented more changes caused by ischemic injury: widened interspace of myofibril, disordered myofibrillae, focal lysis of myofilament, ectasia of sarcoplasmic reticulum. In Cele group, the pathological changes were light, the NO^-₂/ NO^-₃ concentration, the activity of iNOS were lower (P<0.05), while the activity of cNOS and T-AOC were higher (P<0.05) than those in MI group. The expression rate of Bcl-2 protein in Cele group was higher than that in MI group, while the Bax was lower (P<0.01). The number of apoptotic myocytes was lower than that in MI group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Celecoxib decreases the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes and increases the antioxidative capability after myocardial infarction.