香蕉对尖孢镰刀菌热带4号小种的抗性评价方法的建立

为了准确快速地评价香蕉对枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense)热带4号小种(Tropical race 4,Foc TR4)的抗性,在温室条件下以浸根法和改良的灌根法将Foc TR4接种至不同抗性的香蕉品种,比较分析接种后香蕉的发病情况,并检测了两个Foc TR4的特异引物的扩增效率,以完善评价方法。结果显示,利用两种方法接种都能体现香蕉的抗性,但改良的灌根法在孢子浓度为1×10~4时的接种效果最好,接种后各品种发病情况与品种本身的实际抗性最为接近。特异引物Foc TR4 F/R的扩增效率较高,1次和2次PCR分别能有效检测发病等级为3和1以上的香蕉球茎。

Establishment of Resistance Evaluation System of Banana to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense Tropical Race 4

Fusarium wilt is the most destructive disease of banana production，which caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense（Foc）. Foc tropical race 4（Foc TR4）is the most pathogenic type. Rapid and accurate evaluation system for resistance of banana to Foc TR4 is essential for both basic research and banana breeding. In this study，we compared the incubation effects of immersing root method and improved drenching root method，and the detection effectives of two primers. The results showed that the resistance of banana could be evaluated accurately by using improved immersing root method with concentration of 1 × 10⁴. For molecular detection，corms with index of disease up to scale 3 could be amplified by first PCR using the special primers Foc TR4 F/R，and all diseased bubs of ID scale up to 1 could be de detected by Sub-PCR.