皂荚和五角枫挥发性物质组成及其对空气微生物的抑制作用

利用动态顶空法收集和TC - TGC - MS (热脱附—气相色谱/质谱联用技术) 分析鉴定了两种绿化树种皂荚和五角枫茎叶的挥发物组分, 采用自然沉降法测定了植物挥发物对空气微生物生长的影响。结果表明: 乙酸- 3 - 己烯酯和乙酸庚酯的含量在皂荚和五角枫中分别为最高的, 癸醛、苯甲醛、trans - 2- 己烯醛、壬醛、1 - 辛醇、正戊醇、3 - 己烯醇为二者共有的组分; 微生物试验表明皂荚和五角枫林地微生物含量明显低于空旷地。乙酸- 3 - 己烯酯、乙酸庚酯、壬醛、己醛、trans - 2 - 己烯醛、1 - 辛醇、正戊醇、3 - 己烯醇8种单体对细菌和真菌有明显的抑制作用, 且乙酸- 3 - 己烯酯的抑菌能力大于乙酸庚酯,因而揭示了皂荚和五角枫林带细菌和真菌少的原因。

The Volatiles of Two Greening Tree Species and the Antimicrobial Activity

The volatiles from Gleditsia sinensis Lam. and Acer truncatum Bunge., two greening tree species, were investigated by dynamic headspace collection and TCT-GC-MS (gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry equipped with a thermal desorption cold trap device) analysis, the effects of which on the growth of air-borne microbes were examined by the method of natural sedimentation too. The results showed that the relative content of 3-hexen-1-ol acetate and acetic acid hexyl ester was the highest in the volatiles of G.sinensis Lam. and A.truncatum Bunge., respectively. Decanal, benaldehyde, trans-2-hexenal, nonanal, octanol, pentanol and 3-hexenol were the common components in the volatiles of two species. According to microbe-experiment, the number of micro-organisms over the trees was significantly lower than that in open land. 3-hexen-1-ol acetate, acetic acid, heptyl ester, nonanal, hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, 1-octanol, pentanol and 3-hexenol inhibited the growth of bacteria and fungi significantly, and the ability of inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms for 3-hexenyl acetate was stronger than that for acetic acid, heptyl ester. So the results partly explained the reasons that the number of fungi and bacteria in the woodland of G.sinensis Lam. and A.truncatum Bunge. is lower than that in the open land.