中华猕猴桃品种间亲和性研究

采用离体培养法观察中华猕猴桃株系花粉活力,利用荧光显微镜进行了常见品种杂交亲和性的研究,并统计坐果率。雄株花粉活力大小依次为楚源M4、湘平83-3、金魁、魁密。不同品种雌、雄株间授粉,柱头的识别反应快,花粉在柱头粘附多,生长快且萌发率高,亲和性较强且坐果率较高。24个组合中亲和指数最高的是金魁×楚源M4,亲和指数为924.61,坐果率为94.44%;最低的是早鲜×金魁,亲和指数417.44,坐果率71.11%。同种间的不同品种的亲和性和坐果率存在差异,亲和指数与坐果率密切相关,因此进行猕猴桃最佳授粉树的选择在实际生产中具有重要意义。

Cross Compatibility Among Different Cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch

Pollen viability was observed by culture method. Cross compatibility among different cultivars was determined using fluorescence microscope. Fruit setting rate resulted from different combinations of crossing was calculated. Results showed that the sequency of male kiwifruit trees pollen viability of four cultivars from the highest to the lowest was Chuyuan M4，Xiangping 83-3，Jinkui and Kuimi. Crossing among these cultivars resulted in a quick recognition reaction，more pollen attachment，and high compatibility，germination and fruit setting rate. Among the 24 crossing combinations，Jinkui × Chuyuan M4 produced the highest compatibility index（924.61） with 94.44% of fruit setting rate，while the lowest compatibility was observed in Zaoxian × Jinkui（417.44 of compatibility index and 71.11% of fruit setting rate）. These data demonstrated that cross compatibility and fruit setting rate varied among different cultivars，and cross compatibility index had close correlation with fruit setting rate. Therefore，the selection of pollinizer has significant importance in practical production of kiwifruit.