马铃薯块茎淀粉组分高效检测体系的建立及应用

马铃薯块茎淀粉组分(直链/支链淀粉比AM/AP)影响淀粉特性以及决定其在食品和其他工业上的应用。AM/AP的测定对其合理利用以及选育特异淀粉组分的专用品种等具有重要意义。采用96孔板双波长法对马铃薯不同AM/AP比率标准样品进行测试,发现当测试样品AM/AP比率超过制作标准曲线的AM/AP比率(33.3%)时,测试结果明显高估直链淀粉含量。基于96孔板的碘染分析,建立了马铃薯AM/AP比率和最大吸收峰下波长的标准曲线:y=601.88x0.0215,R2=0.9999。该方法进一步提高了测试准确度和应用范围。利用该方法测试了198个马铃薯品种(系)以及高直链淀粉组分的转基因块茎,明确了收集的马铃薯品种(系)的直链淀粉组成范围为17.4%~33.3%。新建立的马铃薯淀粉组分测试方法为高效准确筛选遗传育种材料以及改良淀粉组分株系提供了方便。

Development and Application of an Efficient Method for the Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio Determination in Potato Tubers

Potato starch composition(amylose/amylopectin,AM/AP)influences functional characteristics for food and other industrial applications.The determination of AM/AP ratio is of great significance for rational utilization of starch and breeding special varieties with specific starch components.The dual-wavelength method for determination of AM and AP contents was established in a 96-well plate format firstly.It was identified that the AM contents was dramatically overestimated when the AM/AP ratio of tested samples exceeded the AM/AP ratio(33.3%)of the standard curve.Furthermore,the new standard curve of potato AM/AP ratio and wavelength under the maximum absorption peak were established:y=601.88x0.0215,R2=0.9999.This method further improves the accuracy and is applicable over large ranges of AM/AP ratio needed for screening.This method was used to determine the AM/AP ratio from 198 potato varieties(lines)and a few transgenic tubers with high amylose contents.The result revealed that the range of AM contents in our potato genetic resources is 17.4%–33.3%.In conclusion,a simple and efficient method for the accurate estimation of the potato starch composition was established which is especially suitable for the detection of genetic breeding materials and improvement starch composition lines.