芍药黑斑病病原菌鉴定及其对杀菌剂敏感性分析

对在江苏省扬州市芍药(Paeonialactiflora)叶片上发现的一种黑斑病,采集其病叶,分离和纯化病原物,根据柯赫氏法则明确其致病性。基于病原物形态特征和多基因(r DNA-ITS、endo PG、OPA2-1、Alt a 1)序列联合分析,鉴定该病原物为链格孢(Alternaria alternata)。该病原菌的最适生长条件是:温度为28℃,p H 7.0,最适碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为硝酸钾。室内毒力测定发现,在测试的4种杀菌剂中,嘧菌酯和吡唑醚菌酯乳油对病原菌离体生长的抑制作用较强,而戊唑醇和异菌脲对其生长的抑制作用较差。

Research progress on role of autophagy/beclin-1 regulator 1 in autophagy and apoptosis

There are complex interactions between autophagy and apoptosis， which can be mediated by specific proteins that play a dual role. Autophagy/beclin-1 regulator 1 （AMBRA1） is one of the receptor proteins involved in both autophagy and apoptosis. Recent studies show that AMBRA1 not only interacts with beclin-1， class Ⅲ phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3KⅢ/VPS34） and a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases in the cytoplasm to induce autophagy， but also transfers to mitochondria and interacts with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B （LC3B） to mediate mitophagy. In addition， AMBRA1 is a direct substrate of apoptotic protease （caspase） and its cleavage displays a pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic activity. This article reviews the role and mechanism of AMBRA1 in regulating autophagy and apoptosis.