西藏3个野生韭居群主要营养品质评价

对产于西藏东南部的3个野生韭居群(芒康:木许居群、曲孜卡居群,左贡:绕金居群)进行了风味与主要营养品质评价。结果表明:(1)3个居群均含有21种游离氨基酸,谷氨酰胺含量均最高,丙氨酸次之,分别占总氨基酸的12.87%~22.03%和10.33%~12.55%;8种人体必需氨基酸含量均处于较低水平,木许居群0.9431 mg·g~(-1)(占比35.80%),曲孜卡居群0.7884 mg·g~(-1)(占比36.61%),绕金居群1.1895 mg·g~(-1)(占比41.16%);14种氨基酸在居群间有不同程度的显著性差异。(2)各居群少含维生素B1(0.3μg·g~(-1)左右)和维生素B2(0.4μg·g~(-1)左右),含有较高的维生素A(10μg·g~(-1)左右)和维生素E(3~13μg·g~(-1)),富含维生素C(1.5 mg·g~(-1)左右),维生素B6含量均低于0.1μg·g~(-1)的检测限。(3)木许居群和曲孜卡居群有10种、绕金居群有11种芳香物质,甲硫醇仅在绕金居群中检测到,共有的10种芳香物质在居群间有不同程度差异,二甲基二硫化物在各居群中含量均最高,相对百分含量在70%左右。(4)可溶性总糖和蛋白质含量及含水量在居群间均有不同程度的显著性差异。

Evaluation of Flavor and Main Nutritional Quality of Three Wild Populations of Allium tuberosum in Tibet

The flavor and main nutritional quality of 3 wild populations ofAllium tuberosum Rottler production in southeastern Tibet were evaluated.The populations included Muxu and Quzika populations of Markham County,as well as Raojin population of Zogong County.The results showed that there were 21 kinds of amino acids in the 3 populations,and the content of glutamine (Gin)was the highest,followed by alanine (Ala),which accounted for 12.87％-22.03％ and 10.33％-12.55％ of total amino acids,respectively.The 8 essential amino acids for human body were at a low level,0.9431 mg · g-1 in Muxu population (accounting for 35.80％) 0.7884 mg · g1 in Quzika population (accounting for 36.61％) and 1.1895 mg · g-1 in Raojin population (accounting for 41.16％).Fourteen kinds of amino acids showed significant difference in different degree.Lower vitamin B1 (around 0.3 μtg · g-1) and vitamin B2 (around 0.4 pg · g-1),higher vitamin A (around 10 μtg· g-1) and vitamin E (from 3 to 13 μtg · g-1) while rich vitamin C (around 1.5 mg· g-1)were detected in all the three populations.In contrast,the content of vitamin B6 was less than 0.1 μg · g1 thus below the limit of detection.Ten kinds of aromatic substances were detected in Muxu and Quzika populations while 11 kinds of aromatic substances in Raojin population.Methyl mercaptan was only detected in Raojin population.It displayed difference in varying degree among the ten aromatic substances contained in the 3 populations.Dimethyl disulfide had the highest content among all the aromatic substances in the 3 populations,accounting for 70％ of the aromatic substances.The content of soluble sugar,protein and water showed significant differences in varying degree among populations.