水分条件对陕西安康地区枇杷幼果期生理的影响

为研究不同水分条件对幼果期枇杷生理代谢的影响，以冬春季干旱的陕西安康地区（枇杷自然分布的北缘地区）14年生‘长崎早生’枇杷为材料，从2013年8月底（现蕾期）开始，分别每株树灌水0、10、20、30、40 kg，每月1次，共灌水5次，于2014年1月底采集叶片和幼果进行生理指标测定。结果显示，幼果期枇杷叶片总叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质含量随着灌水量的增加呈现先上升后下降趋势；MDA和可溶性糖含量以及PAL活性在叶片和幼果中均随着灌水量的增加而逐渐降低；脯氨酸含量和SOD活性均随着灌水量的增加呈现下降趋势；相对电导率的变化差异不明显。试验表明，当灌水量30 kg时，可使土壤水分保持在22.2%左右，有利于幼果期枇杷的生长。

Effects of Moisture Conditions on the Physiological Indexes of Young-fruit Stage Loquat in North Marginal Area

14-year-old loquat cultivar（Changqi Zaosheng）that grew in Ankang of Shaanxi Province were used as experiment materials to study the physiological changes at young fruit stage under different moisture conditions in North-cultivated-marginal area. Irrigating each tree with different amount（0，10，20，30，40 kg）started from the end of August，2013（budding stage），and once per month. The sample of leaves and young fruits was gathered in the end of January，2014 to measure physiological indicators. The result showed that the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein content decreased after the first rise，PAL activity and content of MDA and SS decreased，Pro content and SOD activity increased after the first fall with increasing irrigation amount；There was no significant change on relative conductivity. Research suggested that 30 kg maintained soil moisture at about 22.2% is ideal for loquat growth in North- cultivated-marginal area.