玫瑰香葡萄Y 型架与篱架叶幕层光照强度及果实品质的差异

 以6 年生玫瑰香葡萄为试材，研究了Y 型架和篱架不同叶幕层的光照强度和产量分布，测定了果实品质和芳香化合物。结果表明：两种架型的光照强度与叶幕层高度、宽度分布有显著的相关性，Y 型架在高0.2 ~ 0.6 m 和1.8 m 处的光照强度优于篱架；但在1.0 ~ 1.4 m 则低于篱架。Y 型架61.61%的产量集中在定植行两侧0.3 m，高度1.0 ~ 1.4 m 的范围内；篱架55.90%的产量集中在定植行两侧0.15 m，高度0.6 ~ 1.0 m 的范围内。Y 型架果实总糖和抗坏血酸含量分别为16.13%和8.72 mg · kg^-1，显著高于篱架（14.54%和7.21 mg · kg^-1）；Y 型架果皮原花色素含量为4.72 mg · g^-1，显著低于篱架（6.30 mg · g^-1）。Y 型架和篱架果实中检测到芳香化合物种类为32 种和30 种；萜醇化合物的相对含量分别为32.91%和6.33%；其中，Y 型架果实中里那醇的相对含量是篱架的5.7 倍，可见，Y 型架葡萄果实风味优于篱架。

Differences of Leaf Canopy of Y Frame and Vertical Trellises on Light Intensity and Qualities of Muscat Hamburg Grape

Six-year-old‘Muscat Hamburg’grape was used as the material to study the difference in relative light intensity，yield distribution of leaf canopy，fruit quality and aromatic compounds between 2 types of grape trellis Y frame and vertical trellises. The results showed that there was significant correlation between light intensity，height and width of leaf canopy. The areas with 0.2–0.6 m and 1.8 m in Y frame showed higher photosynthetic than vertical trellises，but the areas with 1.0–1.4 m were lower than vertical trellises. Total sugar and ascorbic acid content was 16.13% and 8.72 mg · kg^-1 in the fruit of Y frame，which were significantly higher than 14.54%，0.40%，16.12% of vertical trellises. However，the procyanidins in the fruit of Y frame was 4.72 mg · g^-1 that was significantly lower than 6.30 mg · g^-1 of vertical trellises. Thirty-two kinds of aromatic compounds were detected in Muscat Hamburg grape of Y frame，which was significantly higher than thirty kinds of vertical trellises，and there was significant difference in the aromatic compounds contents as well. The relative content of terpenols in the fruit of Y frame was 32.91% that was higher than 6.33% of vertical trellises，and the linalool content in the fruit of Y frame was 5.7 times as much as vertical trellises. These results show that the flavor of grape fruit of Y frame was better than vertical trellises.