辣椒秸秆复合基质对西瓜育苗质量的影响

为降低西瓜基质育苗生产成本,采用不同比例的辣椒秸秆与蛭石、珍珠岩进行复配,探讨其对西瓜幼苗形态建成及生理特性的影响,以明确最佳的草炭替代材料。试验设置L1(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=1∶1∶1)、L2(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)、L3(V_辣椒秸秆∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=4∶1∶1)3个处理和对照CK(V草炭∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)。结果表明,L2处理的西瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶片数、干鲜质量、根尖数、壮苗指数和根冠比最大,根系活力最高;L1处理的西瓜幼苗出苗率最高,但与L2差异不显著;L3处理的西瓜幼苗根长最大,但与L2差异不显著。L2处理的西瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素(a+b)、类胡萝卜素含量和净光合速率最高,较对照分别增加10.98%、11.51%、11.13%、7.71%和21.38%。因此,由辣椒秸秆、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比按2:1:1复合而成的育苗基质可以替代常规草炭育苗基质(V草炭∶V_蛭石∶V_珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)进行西瓜育苗。

Effect of pepper straw composite matrix on watermelon seedling quality

In order to reduce the production cost of watermelon seedlings,different proportions of pepper straw,vermiculite and perlite were used to study the effects on the morphological formation and physiological characteristics of watermelon seedlings,the best peat substitute material was explored.Three treatments and one control were set up,which were L1(pepper straw∶vermiculite∶Perlite=1∶1∶1),L2(pepper straw∶vermiculite∶Perlite=2∶1∶1),L3(pepper straw∶vermiculite∶Perlite=4∶1∶1)and CK(peat∶vermiculite∶Perlite=2∶1∶1),respectively.The results showed that under the treatment of L2,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,dry and fresh weight,root tip number,strong seedling index,root shoot ratio and the root activity were the highest.The emergence rate of watermelon seedlings under L1 treatment was the highest,but the difference was not significant when compared with the L2 treatment.The root length was the largest under L3 treatment,but the difference was not significant when compared with the L2 treatment.Under the treatment of L2,the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll(a+b),carotenoids and net photosynthetic rate of watermelon seedlings were the highest,which increased by 10.98%,11.51%,11.13%,7.71%and 21.38%respectively.In conclusion,the medium composed of pepper straw,vermiculite and perlite in the ratio of 2∶1∶1 could replace the conventional peat substrate(peat∶vermiculite∶Perlite=2∶1∶1)for watermelon seedling.