红籽瓜主要产量性状的遗传力及相关性分析

以红籽瓜农家品种及自交系为供试材料,采用随机区组试验设计,用方差分析法估算了单株坐瓜数、单瓜重、单瓜种子数、单瓜种子重、种仁重、千粒重、出仁率、产籽率和种子体积的广义遗传力;并对43个红籽瓜品种9个产量性状的遗传力、遗传变异系数和相关性进行了研究。结果表明,上述9个产量性状的广义遗传力分别为12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,24.97%,18.60%和37.07%。单瓜重、单瓜种子数和单瓜种子重的遗传力较高,对其进行早世代单株选择有较好的效果;遗传变异系数以千粒重和出仁率较高,选择潜力大。性状间相关性的研究表明:通过对单瓜重的选择,可实现对单瓜种子数、单瓜种子重、种仁重和种子体积等性状的间接选择。并对红籽瓜产量性状遗传力分析结果及其在育种中的应用进行了讨论。

Heritability and correlation of yield related traits in red-seed edible seed watermelon

Local varieties and inbred lines of red-seed edible seed watermelon were used as experimental materials in this study. The randomized block design and analysis of variance were adopted to estimate broad sense heritability of fruit per plant,fruit weight,seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit,seed embryo weight,1 000-seed weight,percentage of embryo,percentage of seeds and seed size. Heritability,genetic variation coefficient and genetic correlation of 9 yield related traits of 43 varieties of red-seed edible seed watermelon were studied. Results showed that the broad sense heritability of 9 yield related traits were 12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,4.97%,18.60% and 37.07%,respectively. The results showed that heritability of fruit weight,seeds per fruit and seed weight per fruit were high and can be selected effectively by the method of selecting single plant at earlier generations. The variable coefficients of the 1 000-seed weight and percentage of embryo were high and can be selected with high potential gain. Based on the genetic correlation of traits,seeds per fruit,seeds weight per fruit,embryo weight and seed size can be indirectly selected by selecting fruit weight. The results of heritability analysis and the utilization of heritability in red-seed edible seed watermelon breeding were discussed in this paper.