不同基质配比对温室番茄幼苗生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

以番茄品种"福美十号"为材料,采用随机区组试验设计,研究不同基质配比对番茄幼苗生长与叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明:采用A3V(草炭)∶V(玉米秸秆)∶V(牛粪)∶V(食用菌下脚料)∶V(蛭石)=1∶2∶0.5∶0.5∶1]的基质配比,幼苗在出苗率、株高、茎粗、叶片数和根冠比等性状上表现最优,分别为98.25%、44.60 cm、0.50 cm、9.12片与7.95;叶片光系统Ⅱ(PSIⅡ)原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)与PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)的值在幼苗生长前期、中期和末期也均为最高,Fv/Fm值分别为0.82、0.74和0.79,Fv/Fo值分别为3.92、2.97和3.23;其叶片内丙二醛(MDA)含量最低为6.02μmol/g,其根系活力最强、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)与可溶性蛋白含量等指标最高,分别为158.26μg/(g·h)、386.23 U/g、6.26 U/(g·min)和0.203 mg/g,显著高于其他处理。说明采用处理A3的基质配比更适宜于番茄幼苗的生长。

Effects of Different Substrate Proportion on Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Tomato Seedlings in Greenhouse

The effects of different substrate proportions on the growth of tomato seedlings and the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves were studied by randomized block arrangement design and taking tomato cultivar ’Fumei No.10’ as material.The results showed that the seedling emergence rate,plant height,stem diameter,number of leaves and root-shoot ratio were the best under the A3 treatment V(peat)∶V(corn straw)∶V(cow dung)∶V(edible fungus residue)∶V(vermiculite)=1∶2∶0.5∶0.5∶1],which were 98.25%,44.60 cm,0.50 cm,9.12 pieces and 7.95,respectively.The values of PSⅡ primary light energy conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm) and PSⅡ potential activity (Fv/Fo) were the highest in the early,middle and late stages of seedling growth,and Fv/Fm were 0.82,0.74 and 0.79,respectively,and the values of Fv/Fo were 3.92,2.97 and 3.23,respectively.The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves was the lowest (6.02 μmol/g),but the root activity,superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD) and soluble protein content were the highest,they were 158.26 μg/(g·h),386.23 U/g,6.26 U/(g·min) and 0.203 mg/g,respectively,significantly higher than other treatments.The above all indicated that the substrate proportion of treatment A3 was more suitable for tomato seedling growth.