四种植物提取物对抵御葡萄霜霉病菌的影响

以对霜霉病具有抗性的葡萄品种‘左优红’和‘Fredonia’、委陵菜、无花果为试材,制备丙酮和2种乙醇提取物,研究4种植物的不同提取物在感病葡萄品种‘霞多丽’抵御霜霉病侵染中的作用,观测其对‘霞多丽’葡萄叶片多酚氧化酶(PPO)和β-1,3葡聚糖酶(Glu)活性的影响。结果表明:4种植物的提取物100倍稀释液均可在一定程度上降低葡萄霜霉病菌对‘霞多丽’叶片的侵染率,提取物作用效果强弱依次为70%乙醇委陵菜叶片提取物(60℃提取3h)50%丙酮的‘Fre-donia’叶片提取物70%乙醇的‘左优红’的提取物(50℃水浴提取5h),而无花果提取物作用最差;有效提取物均能不同程度地提高‘霞多丽’葡萄叶片的PPO和Glu活性。

Effects of Extracts from Four Plant Species on Resistance of Grapevine to Downy Mildew

Using two grape cultivars ‘Zuoyouhong’ and ‘Fredonia’ that resistant to Plasmopara viticola as well as Potentilla and Ficus carica immune to Plasmopara viticola as materials,the effects of leaf extracts of acetone or ethanol on resistance of grape cultivar ‘Chardonnay’ to Plasmopara viticola and activities of polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and β-1,3-glucanase(Glu) were studied.The results showed that all extracts from ‘Zuoyouhong’,‘Fredonia’,Potentilla and Ficus carica extracted with different dissolvent decreased the infection rate of Plasmopara viticola on Chardonnay respectively,and 100-fold dilution were the best,the effects of extracts by the strength were as follows:Potentilla leaves extracts of 70% ethanol(extraction process A)> ‘Fredonia’ leaves extracts 50% acetone > ‘Zuoyouhong’ leaves extracts of 70% ethanol(extraction process B),but effect of extracts from Ficus carica was the weakest.Extracts form different plants increased PPO and Glu activity of leaves from Chardonnay infected with Plasmopara viticola variously.