四种中药提取物对蔬菜病原真菌的抑制作用

采用生长速率法测定了黄连、雷公藤、青蒿和川楝子乙醇提取物对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)、番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)和辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)的抑茵活性.结果表明,在质量浓度为1g/mL时,4种中药乙醇提取物对3种真菌生长均具有一定程度的抑制作用,其中黄连提取物对番茄灰霉病菌的抑茵率为65%～68%;青蒿和川楝子提取物对辣椒炭疽病菌的抑茵率分别为63%～85%和59%～77%;黄连、川楝子和雷公藤提取物对番茄早疫病菌的抑制率分别为70%～80%、48%～57%和59%～77%.此外还测定了黄连、川楝子提取物对几种真菌的毒力.该研究为跟踪抗茵活性物质奠定了基础.

Fungistasis of 4 Kinds of Chinese Herb Extracts to Vegetable Pathogenic Fungi

Ethanol extracts of four Chinese herbs including Coptis chinensis, Tripterygium wilfkrdii, Artemisia apiacea and Melia toosendan, were obtained by microwave-assisted method. Their inhibitory activities against Botrytis cinerea, Altermaria solani and Verrnicularia capsici were tested using growth rate method with concentration of 1 g/mL. The resuits showed that all ethanol extracts exhibit inhibitory activities,ethanol extract of Coptis chinensis effectively inhibited the mycelium growth of Botrytis cinerea with 65%-68% inhibitory rate, whereas that of Artemisia apiacea and Melia toosendan against Vermicularia capsici were 63%-85% and 59%-77%, respectively. Besides, Coptis chinensis, Melia twsendan and Tripterygium wilfkrdii also hampered the growth of Altenzaria solani with 70-80%, 48%-57% and 59 %-77 % inhibitory rates, respectively. Morever, toxicities of Coptis chinensis and Melia toosendan to pathogenic fungi were also determined. This study provided the basis for further research to seek the antifungal substances.