不同花粉配比对‘金艳’猕猴桃坐果率和果实品质的影响

以‘金艳’猕猴桃为试材,在其盛花期将花粉与石松子粉以1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5、1∶6的不同质量配比对其进行授粉,同时于采收后对果实的横纵径、果形指数、单果质量、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、抗坏血酸含量以及叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量等生理指标进行测定,探讨不同质量配比的花粉对猕猴桃坐果率和果实品质的影响,以期为猕猴桃生产中的授粉应用提供参考依据。结果表明:花粉与石松子粉以1∶2、1∶3、1∶4质量配比授粉时,‘金艳’猕猴桃均有较高的坐果率,可达90%及以上,且果实品质较好。综合各方面指标,并在节约生产成本的条件下,花粉与石松子粉的质量配比1∶4最佳。

Effects of Different Pollen Ratios on Fruit Setting Rate and Fruit Quality of 'Jinyan'Kiwifruit

Kiwifruit ‘Jinyan’ was used as test material.The pollen and stone pine pollen were pollinated with different mass ratios of 1∶2,1∶3,1∶4,1∶5 and 1∶6 at the full flowering stage, the physiological indexes such as fruit transverse and longitudinal diameter, fruit shape index, single fruit weight, hardness, soluble solid content, soluble sugar content, titratable acid content, ascorbic acid content, chlorophyll content and carotenoid content were measured after harvest, and the effects of pollen with different mass ratios on fruit setting rate and fruit quality of kiwifruit were discussed, in order to provide reference for pollination application in kiwifruit production.The results showed that when pollen and pine pollen were pollinated at the mass ratios of 1∶2,1∶3 and 1∶4,‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit had high fruit setting rate, up to 90% and above, and good fruit quality.The mass ratio of pollen and pine pollen of 1∶4 under the condition of saving production cost was the best.