四种园林植物对遮荫的生理响应及耐荫性评价

以茶梅‘小玫瑰’、冠盖藤、聚花过路黄和兰花三七4种园林植物1年生苗为试验材料,遮荫处理4个月,研究不同遮荫处理(全光照、遮荫65%、遮荫80%和遮荫95%)对植株生长及生理生化指标的影响,并用隶属函数分析法对4种植物的耐荫性进行了综合评价。结果表明:茶梅‘小玫瑰’、兰花三七在4种遮荫处理下,4个月后株高均有所增长,但冠幅表现为在遮荫65%和遮荫80%条件下,均有一定的增长,在全光照和遮荫95%条件下为先增长后减小的趋势,冠盖藤覆盖度也出现此现象,聚花过路黄在4种条件下均能生长良好。随着遮荫度增加,4种植物叶片的叶绿素a、b以及叶绿素a+b含量均为先增后减,均高于对照,叶绿素a/b值总体呈现降低趋势;可溶性蛋白质含量均有所降低;相对电导率表现为冠盖藤为先降后增,其余3种植物均为增加的趋势;MDA含量表现为兰花三七为先降后增,其余3种植物均为降低的趋势;POD活性和SOD活性表现为先增后降,除冠盖藤SOD活性表现为先降后增。隶属函数分析法综合评价4种植物的耐荫性,耐荫性顺序为兰花三七>聚花过路黄>冠盖藤>茶梅‘小玫瑰’。

Physiological Response to Shade and Shade-tolerant Capability of Four Species of Ornamental Plants

In order to compare the different adaptive ability of annual seedlings to shading treatments among 4 species of ornamental plants(Camellia hiemalis‘ShiShi Gashira’,Pileostegia viburnoides,Lysimachia congestiflora Hemsl.,Liriope cymbidiomorpha(Ined)),the research was carried out that different shading treatments(full light,65%shading,80%shading and 95%shading)on the plants growth and physiological and biochemical indicators after 4 months growth,and comprehensive evaluation of membership function value method was used to analyze their shade resistance ability.The results indicated that under 4 shading treatments,the height of Camellia hiemalis‘ShiShi Gashira’,Liriope cymbidiomorpha(Ined)increased after 4 months,but their crown increased under the shade rate of 65%and 80%,the crown increased firstly and then decreased under full light and 95%shading conditions.The coverage growth condition of Pileostegia viburnoides was the same as above under 4 shading treatments.Lysimachia congestiflora Hemsl.grew well under 4 shading treatments.Along with the rising of the shade degree,the content of chlorophyll,content of chlorophyll a and content of chlorophyll b increased firstly and then decreased,but the content all higer than under full light,while chlorophyll a/b ratio and the content of soluble protein were decreased overall;relative conductivity value of Pileostegia viburnoides decreased firstly and then increased,while the other 3 species of plants showed a increasing trend;the content of MDA of Liriope cymbidiomorpha(Ined)decreased firstly and then increased,while the other 3 species of plants showed a decreasing trend;the activity of POD and SOD of the 3 species of plants increased firstly and then decreased,while the activity of SOD of Pileostegia viburnoides decreased firstly and then increased.Based on comprehensive analysis through membership function,the result showed that,the order of shade tolerance of 4 species of ornamental plants as follow,Liriope cymbidiomorpha(Ined)>Lysimachia congestiflora Hemsl.>Pileostegia viburnoides>Camellia hiemalis‘ShiShi Gashira’.