葡萄灰霉病菌对3种杀菌剂的多重抗药性检测

【目的】为检测葡萄灰霉病菌对多菌灵、腐霉利和乙霉威3种杀菌剂的多重抗药性,指导生产上葡萄灰霉病的药剂防治。【方法】从甘肃、山东、北京等14个省、市、自治区采集葡萄灰霉病样分离纯化得到109个灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)单孢系菌株,采用最低抑制浓度法(MIC)测定了葡萄灰霉病菌对苯并咪唑类(多菌灵)、二甲酰亚胺类(腐霉利)和氨基甲酸酯类(乙霉威)杀菌剂的多重抗药性。【结果】结果表明,葡萄灰霉病菌对多菌灵、腐霉利和乙霉威的抗药性菌株率分别达到了83.5%、14.7%和17.4%;抗药性类型有BenRDicSNPCS、BenRDicRNPCS、BenRDicRNPCR和BenSDicSNPCR4种,所占比例分别为68.8%、13.8%、0.9%和16.5%。【结论】我国不同地区的葡萄灰霉病菌对苯并咪唑类、二甲酰亚胺类和氨基甲酸酯类杀菌剂普遍存在抗药性问题,对多菌灵的抗药性较为严重,因此,在生产上,应选择一些替代的新型杀菌剂和生物农药。

Multiple fungicide resistance of Botrytis cinerea from grapevine to three fungicides

【Objective】 A total of 109 single conidial isolates of Botrytis cinerea collected from vineyards in 14 regions were detected and characterized for multiple fungicide resistance to benzimidazole(carbendazim),dicarboximides(procymidone) and N-phenylcarbamate(diethofencarb).【Method】 The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) test was used to determine the multiple fungicide resistance of B.cinerea to the three fungicides.【Result】 The isolates showed different resistance to all the three fungicides,with a high frequency of 83.5% to carbendazim(Ben R),and low frequencies of 14.7% to procymidone(DicsR) and 17.4% to diethofencarb(NPC R),respectively.Also,fungicide resistance varied clearly between regions.Among all,100% resistance to carbendazim was observed in eight regions including Gansu,Henan,Tianjin,Jiangsu,Hebei,Hubei,Ningxia and Guangxi,whereas the resistance to procymidone and diethofencarb was restricted to few regions.The resistance types included BenRDicSNPCS,BenRDicRNPCS,BenRDicRNPCR and BenSDicSNPCR,whose percentages were as follows: 68.8%,13.8%,0.9% and 16.5%.【Conclusion】 The findings demonstrated that the multiple fungicide resistance of grapevine-infecting B.cinerea to benzimidazole(carbendazim),dicarboximides(procymidone) and N-phenylcarbamate(diethofencarb) was commonly present in vineyards of different regions in China,and the resistance to benzimidazole(carbendazim) was the most severe among all.It suggested that novel fungicides or biofungicides should be introduced for the control of B.cinerea.