杏(Prunus armeniaca)自交不亲和强度及其授粉受精相关特性

为了解杏自交不亲和性强度与授粉受精相关特性的关系,以自交亲和(Self-compatibility:SC)品种凯特(Prunus armeniaca L．cv．Katy)和自交不亲和(Self-incompatibility:SI)品种新世纪(P.armeniaca L.cv．Xinshiji)及凯特×新世纪杂种群体为试材,荧光显微镜观察自交亲和与自交不亲和杏花粉管生长动态。结果表明,授粉后初期,自交亲和性与自交不亲和性的杏花粉都能正常萌发、生长,但是在花粉管生长延伸到花柱1／2以后,自交亲和性的花粉管能顺利进入子房,而自交不亲和性的花粉管多数顶端膨大呈球形,停止向下生长,只有极个别能正常生长到达子房;杂种后代的可溶性蛋白含量和RNA酶比活力,与亲本相比无明显的趋中变异表现,而且在自交亲和与自交不亲和杏之间无显著性差异。

Some characteristics associated with self-incompatibility among the F1 progenies in apricot

The self-compatible apricot cultivar Katy and self-incompatible cultivar Xinshiji and their F1 progeny were used as materials for studying their pollination and fertilization characteristics associated with serf-incompatibility. Pollen tubes traveling along the style had been observed in Katy and Xinshiji after self-pollinated by fluorescent microscope. It was discovered that pollen tubes of Katy could grow into ovary but most in Xinshiji' s stopped growth at half of the length of tubes with tip swelling to ball-shapped. The traveling duration of pollen tube from the stigma to ovary were between 24 h and 72 h and the inhibiting degree to pollen tube growth were weakened when traveling speed was fast. The soluble protein and RNase activity of the crossed seedlings were not significantly different from their parents and between self-compatible and self-incompatible types.