银杏摘心处理对枝梢和叶片生长的影响

为探讨银杏夏季摘心对枝叶生长发育的影响,2005年在广西植物研究所银杏良种园内对银杏高接换种树1年生枝梢进行了夏季摘心试验。采用Li-3000A叶面积仪定期测量嫩叶面积;同时在摘心前后对一次梢和二次梢的粗度、长度进行测定,统计二次梢的萌发数量。结果表明,夏季摘心有效地抑制了枝条的加长生长,促进了加粗生长,摘心后一次枝粗是对照的1.52倍;并促进二次枝的萌发和有效叶片数的增加,摘心后枝条上平均每芽着生的叶片数是对照的3.50倍;摘心还促进了叶面积的快速增长,提早叶片成熟时间,有利于光合产物的合成,为提早结果、提高果实产量和品质奠定基础。另外,叶面积与叶柄长和粗之间均呈极显著线性正相关。该项研究将为银杏夏季整形修剪提供理论和实践依据。

Effect of tipping on shoot and leaf growth of Ginkgo biloba

In order to study the effect of tipping on shoot and leaf growth of Ginkgo biloba, leaf area was periodically measured by using Li-3000A leaf's area instrument; the thickness and length of shoot and lateral shoot and the number of second lateral shoot were also examined. The results showed that tipping the tender new shoot in summer could effectively restrain its length growth, promoting thickness growth and the second lateral shoot bourgeon and increase the virtual leaves. The thickness of first shoot was 1.52 times that of control and the average number of leaves of bud in tipping shoot was 3.50 times that of control. Tipping could also promote the increasing of leaf area and the time of leaf mature. In addition, the leaf area was positively and linearly correlated with the length and thickness of the petiole, and this relationship was statistically significant. The research will provide guidance for training and pruning of Ginkgo biloba in summer.