Greening urban road verges highlights diverse views of multiple stakeholders on ecosystem service provision,challenges and preferred form |
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| Institution: | 1. UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Australia;2. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia;3. School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia;4. Person-Environment-Activity Research Laboratory, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London, UK;1. Department of Systems Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic;2. Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Kaplanova 1931/1, 148 00 Prague 11-Chodov, Czech Republic;1. Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia;2. Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland;3. Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;4. Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Orsay, France;5. Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, F-86000 Poitiers, France;6. Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland;7. Laboratory of Environmental and Urban Ecology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;8. Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal;9. Departments of Plant Biology and Geology, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;1. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;2. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, NRS-08, Newark, DE, USA;3. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, NRS-08, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, NRS-08, Delaware, OH, USA;5. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, NRS-08, Philadelphia, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Globally, there is growing recognition of the potential of road verges to contribute to urban greening and ecosystem service provision, beyond their original functions of utility provision and public access. Numerous, diverse stakeholders are involved in their management, yet their shared and diverging perspectives on verge greening are poorly understood. This research examined the perspectives on road verge greening by 30 respondents from eight stakeholder groups from the Perth Metropolitan Area, Australia. Stakeholders spanned local and state governments, developers, peak bodies, utility providers, environmental consultants, verge treatment providers and urban greening advocates. Semi-directed interviews and Likert scales were used to assess respondents' perspectives and perceived importance of urban verge functions and ecosystem services, risks and challenges associated with verge greening, and preferred verge vegetation composition. The most important ecosystem services for all stakeholders were temperature regulation (through the provision of street trees), those associated with water management and aesthetically interesting streetscapes. Perceived challenges included limited knowledge for the management of native species verges and streetscapes, organisational costs for verge managers and utility providers, and the need to engage with multiple local government authorities with widely varying management and financial valuation of verge vegetation. Stakeholders’ preferred verge reflected diverse uses, local characteristics, and was climate and water resilient (particularly ‘waterwise’). A majority of stakeholder groups felt greater attention to the ‘understorey’ of the ‘urban forest’ was warranted. An emerging perspective across four stakeholder groups identified the potential for verges to grow a local ‘sense of place’, through plantings emphasising local native species and highlighting local Whadjuk Noongar seasons. These findings support policies and programmes associated with urban greening, and assist in navigating the contestation often associated with new or transformative uses of land at the public-private interface. |
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| Keywords: | Nature strip Urban greening Urban landscape Verge gardening Perth Western Australia Water sensitive urban design |
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