生物有机肥部分替代化肥对日光温室黄瓜产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响

采用随机区组试验,设5个处理:不施肥(CK)、当地常规施肥(100CF)、100%常规施肥+生物有机肥(100CF+SF)、90%常规施肥+生物有机肥(90CF+SF)、80%常规施肥+生物有机肥(80CF+SF),研究生物有机肥部分替代化肥对黄瓜产量及产出投入比、品质、养分分配及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明,从植株不同部位对氮磷钾的分配率来看,茎叶分配率最高,果实次之,根最少。与单施化肥的常规施肥处理相比,减少普通化肥20%的施用量同时配施400 kg · (667 m~2)~(-1)生物有机肥效果较好,可增加单瓜质量和黄瓜产量,降低黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量,提高可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白的含量,改善产品品质,提高氮、磷、钾肥利用率。

Effects of Partial Substitution of Chemical Fertilizer by Bio-organic Fertilizer on Cucumber Yield，Quality and Fertilizer Utilization Rate in Solar Greenhouse

In the randomized block experiment，there were 5 treatments，including no fertilization（CK）， conventional fertilization（100CF），100% conventional fertilization + bio-organic fertilizer（100CF+SF）， 90% conventional fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer（90CF+SF），and 80% conventional fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer（80CF+SF）．This experiment studied the eff ects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer by bioorganic fertilizer on cucumber yield，output input ratio，quality，nutrient distribution and fertilizer utilization rate．The results showed that the distribution rates of N，P and K in diff erent parts of plant were diff erent， that in stem and leaf were the highest，followed by fruit and those in root was the least．Compared with the treatment of conventional application of chemical fertilizer alone，reducing 20% of the common chemical fertilizer + applying 400 kg · （667 m²） ^-1 bio-organic fertilizer had the better effect．Thus，the single fruit weight and cucumber yield were increased，nitrate content of cucumber fruit was reduced，contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein were increased，and product quality was improved，utilization rates of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium were all enhanced．