黄淮海与环渤海设施蔬菜产区重金属累积特征和环境质量评价

黄淮海与环渤海设施蔬菜产区是全国蔬菜发展的六大优势产区之一。通过收集2011～2019年黄淮海与环渤海设施菜田重金属研究的文献数据,对该区域重金属污染和环境质量进行了统计分析。结果表明,黄淮海与环渤海设施蔬菜产区土壤重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、Pb、Cd、As和Hg的平均含量均低于温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准限量值。与各个省市土壤背景值相比,土壤出现了明显的Cu、Zn、Cd和Hg累积,Cr和As均没有出现累积。8种重金属元素单项污染指数范围在0.30～0.80,排序依次为:CdPbHg=NiZnCuAsCr,仅Cd处于警戒等级,其余重金属元素均处于清洁等级。8种重金属综合污染指数平均值为0.75,表明该区域重金属污染处于警戒水平,需采取相应的污染防控措施。

Heavy Metals Accumulation Characteristics in Greenhouse Vegetables Production Region of Huang-huai-hai and Bohai Rim Region and Evaluation of Its Environmental Quality

Huang-huai-hai and Bohai Rim protected vegetable region is one of the 6 advantage regions for vegetable development in China．By collecting document database from 2011-2019 on studying heavy metals in protected vegetable fields at Huang-huai-hai and Bohai Rim region，this paper carried out statistic analysis on heavy metals pollution and environment quality of this region．The results showed that the soil heavy mental contents of Cu，Zn，Cr，Ni，Pb，Cd，As and Hg in protected vegetable fields at Huang-huai-hai and Bohai Rim region were all lower than the standard limit value issued by environmental quality evaluation made in greenhouse vegetables production region（HJ/T333—2006）．Compared with soil background value of each province，there existed remarkable heavy metal Cu，Zn，Cd and Hg accumulation．Cr and As did not appear any accumulation in this region．The scope of single pollution index of 8 heavy metals was between 0.30 and 0.80．The order was Cd ＞ Pb ＞ Hg=Ni ＞ Zn ＞ Cu ＞ As ＞ Cr．Only Cd was on the warning grade．The rest heavy metals were all at the clean grade．The average comprehensive pollution index was 0.75，indicating that heavy metal pollution for this region was at the alert level．Measures for preventing and controlling heavy mental pollution should be adopted．