不同种植方式对大跨度外覆盖大棚番茄群体微环境及植株生长与产量和品质的影响

以番茄品种罗拉为试材,设置5个处理,分别为:CK,定植密度33 300株·hm~(-2),留6穗果;T1,49 500株·hm~(-2),留4穗果;T2,66 000株·hm~(-2),留3穗果;T3,49 500株·hm~(-2),单株留2穗果与留6穗果相间;T4,66 000株·hm~(~(-2)),单株留2穗果与留4穗果相间,研究不同种植密度和留果方式对外保温覆盖大棚内番茄植株生长、产量、品质、群体微环境的影响。结果表明:T2和T1处理生育期平均温度、温度适宜度较高;T1和T3处理摘心前的叶片SPAD值显著高于对照;T1、T2处理的前期产量和总产量均显著高于对照;VC、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、番茄红素等果实品质以T1处理最优。综合产量、品质以及大棚内的温湿度和光照适宜度,T1处理种植风险较小,是外保温覆盖大棚中较为合适的种植方式。

Effects of Different Planting Ways on Population Microenvironment，Plant Growth，Yield and Quality of Tomato Grown in Large-span Outer Covered Greenhouse

Taking tomato variety‘Luola’as material，5 treatments were set up：CK，33 300 plants · hm-2 with 6 ears；T1，49 500 plants · hm-2 with 4 ears；T2，66 000 plants · hm-2 with 3 ears；T3，49 500 plants · hm-2 with 2 ears every other plant and another plant with 6 ears；T4，66 000 plants · hm-2 with 2 ears every other plant and another 4 ears．The paper studied the effects of different planting densities and fruit retention methods on tomato plant growth，yield，quality and population microenvironment．The results showed that T2 and T1 treatments had the higher average temperature．The SPAD value of T1 and T3 treatments was significantly higher than that of the contrast．The early stage yield and total yield of T1 and T2 treatments were all significantly higher than that of the contrast．T1 treatment was the best for VC，titratable acid，soluble sugar and lycopene．Synthesizing yield，quality，temperature，humidity and light suitability inside of the large-span outer covered greenhouse，T1 treatment has smaller planting risk and is a more suitable planting pattern．