初始物料水溶性有机碳含量对番茄秧堆肥进程的影响

高温好氧堆肥技术是有机废物循环利用的重要途径之一。我国堆肥生产中多采用原料全碳与全氮含量的比值(C/N)指导堆肥原料的配比,但由于物料有机质组分存在差异,促进堆肥发酵进程应选用可被微生物利用的有效碳源。本试验以番茄秧为主要堆肥原料,以麦秸、淀粉和尿素为调理剂,将初始混合物料的C/N调整至25、含水量控制在60%,调节水溶性有机碳含量分别为4%、8%和12%,研究初始混合物料中水溶性有机碳含量差异对堆肥发酵进程的影响。结果表明:随着水溶性有机碳含量增加,初始CO_2的释放速率越高,CO_2累积释放量越高,堆肥物料损失越高,堆肥腐熟周期越短,腐熟度越好,堆肥反应越易启动。初始混合物料中水溶性有机碳含量大于8%时,有利于有机废物的快速堆肥化处理,且初始物料水溶性有机碳的含量差异不会影响堆肥的腐熟和产品的性质。因此,可将增加初始物料中的水溶性有机碳含量作为加速堆肥进程的方法,同时也可用作指导堆肥物料配比的关键性指标。

Effect of Water-soluble Organic Carbon Content of Initial Mixture on Composting Process for Tomato Stalk

High-temperature aerobic composting technology is one of the important ways to cyclic reuse of organic waste．In China，the compost factories often take the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen（C/N） of raw material to guide the compost production．But owing to the differences existing in the organic components of raw material，effective carbon source easily utilized by microorganisms should be selected to promote the composting process．This experiment took tomato stalk as main raw material，and wheat straw，corn starch and urea as attendant agents．The C/N ratio of initial mixed material was adjusted to 25，and moisture was controlled to 60%．The water-soluble organic carbon content（WOC）of initial mixture was regulated to 4%，8% and 12%，respectively．The paper studied the effect of WOC differences in initial mixed material on composting process．The results showed when WOC of initial mixed material was increased，the higher initial emission rate and higher accumulation amount of CO2 could risebe，and the higher material loss rate would be．The shorter composting process was，better compost maturity might be，and easier compost would be started．When the WOC of initial mixed material was over 8%，the composting treatment of organic waste could be speeded up． While the differences between WOC of initial material would not affect the thorough decomposed and product nature．Therefore，increse WOC in the mixted initial material could be used as a method to speed up the compost procedure and a key index to guide compost production．