4种植物源复配杀菌剂对瓜类枯萎病菌的抑制效果

利用超声波辅助提取法从木香、丁香、肉桂、大黄 4 种药用植物中提取活性物质，以黄瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporium f.?sp.?cucumerinum）和西瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f.?sp.?Niveum）为供试真菌，采用生长速率法对4 种药用植物提取物及其复配剂进行离体活性测定。结果表明：木香、丁香、肉桂和大黄等4种植物提取物对黄瓜枯萎病菌和西瓜枯萎病菌的菌丝生长均具有明显的抑制作用，且随着植物提取物浓度的增加，菌丝生长抑制率明显提高。4种植物提取物按适当比例混合复配可明显降低最低抑菌浓度，增强抑菌效果，抑菌作用较强的为3∶1的木香∶肉桂复配剂、1∶2的肉桂∶丁香复配剂和2∶1的木香∶大黄复配剂。

Inhibition Effect of Four Plants Compound Fungicides against Fusarium oxysporum

In this study,the active materials were extracted from Aucklandia lappa Decne,Syzygium aromaticum,Cinnamomum cassia and Rheum palmatum by ultrasound assisted extraction(UAE).Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumerinum and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Niveum were inhibited by 4 plant extracts and their mixtures,and the inhibition rates were measured by the growth rate method.The results showed that mycelial growth was significantly inhibited by all of these extracts,and the antibacterial effect was increased significantly when the extra concentration was increasing.Less minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and better inhibitory effect can be acquired by suitable mixing ratio of these extracts.The mixtures of extracts of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Cinnamomum cassia had better antibacterial effect than their single effects,and the optimum ratio was 3:1.The antibacterial effects of mixture of Cinnamomum cassia and Syzygium aromaticum(optimum ratio is 1:2)and mixture of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Rheum palmatum(optimum ratio is 2:1)were also stronger.