福建省霞浦县马铃薯黑胫病菌分离及田间药剂防治效果

为明确引起福建省霞浦县马铃薯黑胫病的病原菌，从霞浦县马铃薯种植区采集马铃薯黑胫病病样分离病原菌，通过菌落形态、致病性、16S rDNA序列对病原菌进行鉴定，并进行田间药剂防治试验。序列分析和特异性检测结果表明，引起福建省霞浦县马铃薯黑胫病的病原菌为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种（Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum），采集的5 个菌株均有致病力，马铃薯植株被侵染后茎部出现黑腐症状，块茎组织发生浸渍。药剂防治试验结果表明：46%氢氧化铜可湿粉剂1 000倍液和2%春雷霉素水分散粒剂300倍液防效显著高于其他药剂处理，与清水对照相比，产量和商品薯率显著提高，综合防效显著。

Isolation of Potato Phytophthora Parasitica and Field Control Effect in Xiapu County of Fujian Province

In order to identify the pathogens causing potato blackleg disease in Xiapu County，Fujian Province，this study collected samples of potato blackleg disease from potato planting areas of Xiapu County and separated pathogens；then carried out identification on bacterial colony form，pathogenicity and 16S rDNA sequences．At the same time，this study conducted field medicament control experiments．The results of sequences analysis and specificity detection showed that the pathogens causing potato blackleg disease in Xiapu County，Fujian Province was carrot soft rot pectic bacillus carrots subspecies（Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum）．The collected 5 bacterial strains all having virulence to cause blackleg rot symptoms in potato stem and macerating in tuber tissue．The results of medicament control experiments showed that the control effect of 46% copper hydroxide wettable powder 1 000 times liquid and 2% spring reomycin water shot granule 300 times liquid were significantly higher than that of the other medicament treatments．The yield and commercial potato rate were significantly improved compared with the contrast without using any medicament．Besides，their comprehensive control effects were outstanding．