中国马铃薯主要育成品种抗病毒分子标记分析

Ryadg与Rx是分别控制马铃薯对PVY和PVX极端抗性的两个重要基因。利用与两个抗PVY和PVX的基因紧密连锁的标记RYSC3与Rxsp，分别对190份中国马铃薯育成品种进行分子标记分析。结果显示，只含有RYSC3标记的品种15份，占总品种的7.9%|只含有Rxsp标记的品种8份，占总品种的4.2%|既含RYSC3标记也含Rxsp标记的品种7份，占总品种的3.7%。在含有这两种标记的品种中，40%以上为新型栽培种（Neo-tuberosum）和来源于国际马铃薯中心（CIP）的资源育成的品种，50%以上为2001年之后审定的品种。结果表明，目前我国具有抗病毒能力的马铃薯育成品种所占比例仍然较小，但是最近几年来比例在逐渐提高，马铃薯抗病毒育种正在逐渐取得进步。

Analysis of Major Chinese Approved Potato Cultivars for Resistance to Virus with Molecular Markers

Ryadg and Rx are 2 important genes with extreme resistance to PVY and PVX in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.).Marker RYSC3 and Rxsp are closely linked to Ryadgand Rx,respectively.In this paper,190 approved cultivars are screened with markers RYSC3 and Rxsp.The results shows that there are 15 cultivars with marker RYSC3,8 cultivars with marker Rxsp,7 cultivars with marker RYSC3 and Rxsp,which account for 7.9%,4.2% and 3.7% in all cultivars tested,respectively.More than 40% cultivars with band marker RYSC3 or Rxsp are progeny of Neo-tuberosum or materials from CIP,and more than 50% of them are approved after 2001.This study indicates that proportion of cultivars with virus resistance in all ones tested is relatively low.But this proportion is gradually increasing during the recent years.This reflects that we are making progress on potato breeding for virus resistance.