蔬菜生产的氮素调控技术与应用

综述了蔬菜生长及根系发育的特点,提出合理的水氮平衡管理原则。根据确定蔬菜作物根系环境的最低养分需求、作物生长过程中养分的损失和吸收等过程来实现氮素的合理调控;根据滴灌施肥的特殊性,通过分析蔬菜作物生长期间的养分需求,结合作物反应、土壤和植株的快速分析技术及相关的养分测试临界水平(CNR)指标,对氮素营养调控进行反馈调节,直至得到产量、经济收入和持续发展等方面比较满意的综合推荐目标。

Application of N Management Strategies in Vegetable Production

One of basic prerequisites to assure non-polluted vegetable production with high yield and good quality is to develop optimum strategies of N management in vegetable production of China. Then principle of nitrogen management in sustainable vegetable production was reviewed, considering the characteristics of vegetable crops growth and root development. The ' target value' of N supply including the components of critical nitrogen concentration in root zone, N demand and N loss was introduced in nitrogen recommendation and based on the estimation of N release from different sources, the practice of N fertilization could be realized in real-time balanced calculation. Meanwhile feedback control system in N management also should be involved to evaluate and estimate the effects of water and nutrient management practices until the satisfying effect was achieved, together with the fast-test techniques of nitrogen diagnosis in soil-plant system.