Effect of high temperatures in the pre-blooming and blooming periods on ovule formation,pollen grains and yield of ‘Granada’ peach |
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Authors: | Gilmar Antônio Nava Genei Antônio Dalmago Homero Bergamaschi Rafael Paniz Rinaldo Pires dos Santos Gilmar Arduino Bettio Marodin |
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Institution: | 1. Technologic University of Paraná, 157 Dois Vizinhos, PR State, Brazil;2. Embrapa, Passo Fundo, RS State, Brazil;3. Agronomy School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS State, Brazil;4. Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS State, Brazil |
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Abstract: | The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of high temperatures in the pre-blooming and blooming periods on the growth of sexual gametes and yield of ‘Granada’ peach. The experiment was carried out in the commercial orchard of Charqueadas, under the subtropical conditions of the Central Depression at Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (28°57′S; 51°37′W; 30 m alt.). Two treatments were tested: (1) trees in the greenhouse with partial ventilation and (2) trees in the orchard. The phenology, morphologic constitutions of the pollen grains, ovule growth, yield and germination (%) of pollen grains and fruit set were evaluated. High temperatures in the pre-blooming and blooming periods anticipated the break of dormancy and blooming. These conditions also delayed the female gametophytes (embryo sac) and promoted anomalies in the formation of male gametophytes. Those factors promoted low pollen viability and a lack of synchrony in fertilization, thereby generating low fruit set percentages and yield. |
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Keywords: | &lsquo Granada&rsquo peach Temperature Pollen Ovules Fruit set |
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