Effects of different organic apple production systems on seasonal nutrient variations of soil and leaf |
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Authors: | Hyun-Sug Choi Curt R Rom Mengmeng Gu |
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Institution: | 1. Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-857, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;3. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA |
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Abstract: | An organic apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) orchard was established to study the interaction effects of ground cover management systems (GMS) and nutrient sources (NS) on soil and tree nutrients in the Southern U.S.A. GMS mulches as follows: green compost (GC), wood chips (WC), shredded paper (SP), and mow-and-blow (MB). Across GMS, one of three NS treatments was applied: commercial organic fertilizer (CF), poultry litter (PL), and no fertilizer (NF). GC-treated plots had greater soil solution nitrate concentrations in year 3. GC plots also maintained greater seasonal soil organic matter and macronutrient concentrations during 3 years compared with the other GMS. Seasonal foliar nutrient concentrations grown under GMS in year 3 tended to follow nutrient concentration patterns similar to those observed in conventional apple orchards. GC and WC trees had overall greater leaf area, dry weight, and total foliar nutrient contents in year 3 than the SP and MB trees. |
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Keywords: | Compost Organic apple Seasonal nutrient Shredded paper Wood chips |
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