国外林业碳汇项目激励机制研究综述

林业碳汇是节能减排最经济、有效的方式之一。随着全球REDD+机制的逐步运行和落实，对林业碳汇项目交易的研究越发显得急迫和重要，基于该背景探讨林业碳汇项目交易的影响因素和激励机制具有理论和实践意义。文中简述林业碳汇项目的市场供给和需求主体，其中供给主体作为卖方主要包括森林资源的所有者和管理者，需求主体作为买方主要包括政府部门和企业实体; 分析影响林业碳汇项目供给与需求的因素，其中影响供给的因素包括项目收益、项目特征、交易政策等，影响需求的因素包括定价、政策、管理者决策等; 从政策、定价和风险规避3个方面概述国外在激励碳汇项目供给与需求方面采取的措施。

Incentives to Carbon Sequestration Projects:Literature Review

Forest-based carbon sequestration is one of most effective and economic way to save energy and reduce emission. As the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD+) mechanism has been gradually implemented and operated, the study on forest-based carbon sequestration is becoming more urgent and important. In the context, it is of theoretic and practical significance to explore the influencing factors and incentives for carbon trading through forest-based carbon project. The paper profiled the sellers and buyers of forest carbon in the carbon market, where the sellers as provider of carbon are majorly the owners and managers of forest resources while the buyers as the demand side of carbon are government and entrepreneurs. The factors influencing the demand and supply of forest carbon project were analyzed, and it was pointed out that the factors affecting supply include revenues, features, trading policy, etc. while the ones impacting demand are mainly pricing, policy and manager's decision. Finally, the measures that other countries have adopted to give incentives to the supply and demand of carbon projects were overviewed in terms of policy, pricing and risk mitigation.